What are Rotary Encoders

What are Rotary Encoders?

Rotary encoders are electro-mechanical devices that convert the angular position or motion of a shaft or axle to an analogue or digital signal. They are commonly used in various applications to provide precise position, speed, and direction feedback. Rotary encoders are integral components in many systems, from industrial machinery and robotics to consumer electronics, where accurate control of movement is essential.

How Do Rotary Encoders Work?

Rotary encoders work by translating the mechanical rotation of a shaft into an electrical signal that can be read by a control system. This is achieved through a combination of sensors, coding discs, and electronics. A typical rotary encoder consists of a rotating disc with alternating light and dark patterns (for optical encoders) or magnets (for magnetic encoders). As the disc rotates, sensors detect changes in the pattern or magnetic field, generating signals that correspond to the position, speed, and direction of the shaft. The signals are then processed to determine the exact rotational position or movement.

Types of Rotary Encoders

There are two main types of rotary encoders: absolute and incremental.

Absolute Rotary Encoders: Absolute encoders provide a unique code or signal for each position of the shaft, allowing the system to know the exact position even after power loss or a system reset. They are particularly useful in applications requiring precise and repeatable positioning.

Incremental Rotary Encoders: Incremental encoders generate signals only when the shaft is rotating and provide relative position information. They offer high resolution and are suitable for applications where speed and direction are more critical than the exact position. Unlike absolute encoders, incremental encoders do not retain positional information when power is lost; they only indicate movement relative to a known reference point.

Timken Rotary Encoders
We offer a variety of absolute position and incremental rotary encoders. Buy Timken encoders online here or contact us for more information.